JNTU ANANTHAPUR,III-I REGULAR 2009,PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
R07
III B. Pharmacy I semester regular Examination.
December 2009
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
1. Describe in detail the applications of microbes in pharma products
2. Write short note on
a)syphilis
b) Sterilization by filtration
c) Synchronous growth
3. Explain the following
a)tryptophan operon
b) Contribution of lieweonhock to microbiology
C) Pharmaceutical significance of bacteria
4. Discuss the following
a)mode of action and application of any 2 chemotherapeutic agents
b) Methods involved in assay of vitamins
c) Conjugation
5. Write an essay on various environmental factors which influence the microbial
growth, add a note on their adaptations
6 (a) Differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
(b) Discuss spontaneous generation theory
7. (a) explain different methods of isolation and preservation of bacteria
(b) DNA replication in bacteria
8. Write short notes on:
(a)evaluation of antimicrobial activity
(b) Tetanus
(c) Nutritive media for growth of microbes
JNTU ANANTHAPUR,III-I REGULAR 2009,PHARMACOGNOSY -II
Code no:R7403
III B.pharmacy I semester regular Examination.December 2009
R07
PHARMACOGNOSY -II
1.(a) Discuss the test for identification of antharacene –c-glycosides with an example
(b) Describe the chief anatomical features of digitalis
(c) State biological source, chemical nature of active constituents and uses of
i) PSORELA and
ii)glycyrrhiza
2. (a) write informative notes on Ergot alkaloids
(b) Give an account of cultivation, collection and processing of cinechona
(c) Write an example for the following groups of alkaloids and give their biological source
i) Steroidal and
ii) Glycoalkaloid
3.(a) Differentiate condensed tannins and hydrolysable tannins by chemical means example
(b) Describe the methods of preparation, by chemical constituents and uses of black catechu
(c) Give biological source, chemical constituents and medicinal uses of myroblan
4.(a) write a brief note on podophyllum
(b) Discuss the adulterants of balsam of tolu
5.(a) write the biological sources and discuss the uses of following
i)pancreatin
ii) Diastase
(b) Write informative notes on papain.
(C) Mention the different uses of
i) Pepsin and
ii)trypsin
6. (a)describe the biosynthetic pathway of tropane alkaloids
(b) write the metabolic process of shikimic acid formation and mention the metabolic derived
from it
(c) Mention the aglycones of any four glycosides derived as products cholesterol metabolism
7. Define ‘sap pigments’ and give the biological source, colour shade and applications of the
following:
i) caraminic acid ii) lawsone iii)capsarithin iv)curcumin v)Betaniin vi) crocin vii)Bixin
8. (a) what is kaolin? Mention different types of kaolin and give their descriptive features.
(b) Write the chemical constituents and use of
i) Kieslguhr
Ii)Talc
(c) Write the standard and tests for identification of bentonite
III B.pharmacy I semester regular Examination.December 2009
R07
PHARMACOGNOSY -II
1.(a) Discuss the test for identification of antharacene –c-glycosides with an example
(b) Describe the chief anatomical features of digitalis
(c) State biological source, chemical nature of active constituents and uses of
i) PSORELA and
ii)glycyrrhiza
2. (a) write informative notes on Ergot alkaloids
(b) Give an account of cultivation, collection and processing of cinechona
(c) Write an example for the following groups of alkaloids and give their biological source
i) Steroidal and
ii) Glycoalkaloid
3.(a) Differentiate condensed tannins and hydrolysable tannins by chemical means example
(b) Describe the methods of preparation, by chemical constituents and uses of black catechu
(c) Give biological source, chemical constituents and medicinal uses of myroblan
4.(a) write a brief note on podophyllum
(b) Discuss the adulterants of balsam of tolu
5.(a) write the biological sources and discuss the uses of following
i)pancreatin
ii) Diastase
(b) Write informative notes on papain.
(C) Mention the different uses of
i) Pepsin and
ii)trypsin
6. (a)describe the biosynthetic pathway of tropane alkaloids
(b) write the metabolic process of shikimic acid formation and mention the metabolic derived
from it
(c) Mention the aglycones of any four glycosides derived as products cholesterol metabolism
7. Define ‘sap pigments’ and give the biological source, colour shade and applications of the
following:
i) caraminic acid ii) lawsone iii)capsarithin iv)curcumin v)Betaniin vi) crocin vii)Bixin
8. (a) what is kaolin? Mention different types of kaolin and give their descriptive features.
(b) Write the chemical constituents and use of
i) Kieslguhr
Ii)Talc
(c) Write the standard and tests for identification of bentonite
JNTU ANANTHAPUR,III-I REGULAR 2009,PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
Code No: R7401
III B.pharmacy I semester regular examination, December 2009
R07
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
*******
1.(a) Explain the biochemical composition and organization of
biomembranes.
(b) Describe the mechanism of membrane transport. Add a note on
sodium potassium pump.
2. (a) What is free energy? Explain the locus of thermodynamics.
(b) Write about production of ATP and its biological significance.
3.(a)classify enzymes and mention suitable examples for each class.
(b) Outline the effect of pH, temperature and substrate concentration on
enzyme activity
4. (a) classify carbohydrates with examples. Add a note on significance.
(b) Explain the structure of DNA and its functions.
5. (a) Describe the events of glycolytic pathway. Add a note on its
significance.
(b) What is glyconeogenesis? Explain the importance of glycogenolysis.
6. (a) Explain the properties and general reactions of Amino acids.
(b) Explain the reactions involved in urea cycle
7. (a). What is beta- oxidation?
(b).classify lipids and write a note on the biological functions of lipids
8. (a) what is xenobiotics? Explain detoxification conjugation reactions.
(b). what are prostaglandins? Write the structures and functions and
functions of any two
Prostaglandins
III B.pharmacy I semester regular examination, December 2009
R07
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
*******
1.(a) Explain the biochemical composition and organization of
biomembranes.
(b) Describe the mechanism of membrane transport. Add a note on
sodium potassium pump.
2. (a) What is free energy? Explain the locus of thermodynamics.
(b) Write about production of ATP and its biological significance.
3.(a)classify enzymes and mention suitable examples for each class.
(b) Outline the effect of pH, temperature and substrate concentration on
enzyme activity
4. (a) classify carbohydrates with examples. Add a note on significance.
(b) Explain the structure of DNA and its functions.
5. (a) Describe the events of glycolytic pathway. Add a note on its
significance.
(b) What is glyconeogenesis? Explain the importance of glycogenolysis.
6. (a) Explain the properties and general reactions of Amino acids.
(b) Explain the reactions involved in urea cycle
7. (a). What is beta- oxidation?
(b).classify lipids and write a note on the biological functions of lipids
8. (a) what is xenobiotics? Explain detoxification conjugation reactions.
(b). what are prostaglandins? Write the structures and functions and
functions of any two
Prostaglandins
JNTU ANANTHAPUR,III-I REGULAR 2009,PHARMACOLOGY -I
Code no: R7405
III B.pharmacy I semester regular Examination.December 2009
R07
PHARMACOLOGY-I
1(a) .Define the drug receptors. Classify them and write them in detail about G-
protein coupled receptors
(b).explain dose-effect relationship
2(a) describes the actions of noradrenalin, adrenaline.isoprenaline on blood
vessels.
(b) Explain the dual action of acetylcholine by using suitable experimental
model.
3 (a) classify skeletal muscle relaxants. Explain the pharmacological actions of
succinyl choline
(b) Write a note on adrenergic neuron blockers.
4(a) what are general anesthetics? Write their classification, site and mechanism
of action.
(b) Write in detail about inhalation general anesthetics.
(c) Write note on disulfirm
5.(a) define sedatives and hypnotics and write their classification .
(b) Explain the different phases of sleep and their characteristics.
(c) Write short note on centrally acting muscle relaxants
6. (a) what is schizophrenia ? Classify the drugs used and explain the
pharmacology of chlorpromazine.
(b) Add a note on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
7. (a) explain the path physiology of parkinsonism.
(b) Write short notes on :
i. Bromocriptine
ii. Tolcapone
iii. Selegiline
8. (a) what are narcotics analgesics? Write their classification and mechanism of
action
(b) Classify CNS stimulants and explain the pharmacology of xanthine alkaloids
III B.pharmacy I semester regular Examination.December 2009
R07
PHARMACOLOGY-I
1(a) .Define the drug receptors. Classify them and write them in detail about G-
protein coupled receptors
(b).explain dose-effect relationship
2(a) describes the actions of noradrenalin, adrenaline.isoprenaline on blood
vessels.
(b) Explain the dual action of acetylcholine by using suitable experimental
model.
3 (a) classify skeletal muscle relaxants. Explain the pharmacological actions of
succinyl choline
(b) Write a note on adrenergic neuron blockers.
4(a) what are general anesthetics? Write their classification, site and mechanism
of action.
(b) Write in detail about inhalation general anesthetics.
(c) Write note on disulfirm
5.(a) define sedatives and hypnotics and write their classification .
(b) Explain the different phases of sleep and their characteristics.
(c) Write short note on centrally acting muscle relaxants
6. (a) what is schizophrenia ? Classify the drugs used and explain the
pharmacology of chlorpromazine.
(b) Add a note on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
7. (a) explain the path physiology of parkinsonism.
(b) Write short notes on :
i. Bromocriptine
ii. Tolcapone
iii. Selegiline
8. (a) what are narcotics analgesics? Write their classification and mechanism of
action
(b) Classify CNS stimulants and explain the pharmacology of xanthine alkaloids
JNTU ANANTHAPUR,III-I REGULAR 2009,PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY-I
Code no :R7404
III B.pharmacy I semester regular Examination.December 2009
R07
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY-I
*****
1(a) what are the objectives of preformulation? Discuss the methods used for the the determination of
solubility and pka
(b) Explain the applications of prod rugs with examples.
2 (a) Describe the formulation and evaluation of a typical oral solution.
(b) Explain the assessment of emulsion shelf life
3,(a)Explain the mechanism of drug penetration. How it is evaluated in vitro?
(b) Explain the formulation of gels
4. (a) classify various types of propellants with examples .explain the nomenclature of aerosol
propellants.
(b) Explain various filling techniques for aerosols.
5. (a)discuss the challenges involved in the preparation of ophthalmic ointments
(b) Explain the structure and functions of skin with a neat label diagram
6. (a) explain the formulation and preparation of moisturizing creams with suitable example.
(b) What are the ideal properties of shampoo? Explain the formulation of a lotion shampoo
7.(a)explain the formulation of tooth paste with suitable example
(b)write the formulation of baby powders and baby oils
8. (a) what is displacement value ? How it is calculated? What is its importance in the preparations of
suppositories?
(b) Explain the manufacturing of suppositories.
III B.pharmacy I semester regular Examination.December 2009
R07
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY-I
*****
1(a) what are the objectives of preformulation? Discuss the methods used for the the determination of
solubility and pka
(b) Explain the applications of prod rugs with examples.
2 (a) Describe the formulation and evaluation of a typical oral solution.
(b) Explain the assessment of emulsion shelf life
3,(a)Explain the mechanism of drug penetration. How it is evaluated in vitro?
(b) Explain the formulation of gels
4. (a) classify various types of propellants with examples .explain the nomenclature of aerosol
propellants.
(b) Explain various filling techniques for aerosols.
5. (a)discuss the challenges involved in the preparation of ophthalmic ointments
(b) Explain the structure and functions of skin with a neat label diagram
6. (a) explain the formulation and preparation of moisturizing creams with suitable example.
(b) What are the ideal properties of shampoo? Explain the formulation of a lotion shampoo
7.(a)explain the formulation of tooth paste with suitable example
(b)write the formulation of baby powders and baby oils
8. (a) what is displacement value ? How it is calculated? What is its importance in the preparations of
suppositories?
(b) Explain the manufacturing of suppositories.
16 January, 2010
JNTU III B PHARMACY I SEMESTER,NOV 09 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
1. a> Sketch the salient structural features of a cell membrane.
b> Explain about molecular constituents of membrane.
2. a> Explain the mechanism of Oxidative phosphorylation.
b> Mention the inhibitors of Oxidative phosphorylation and ETC.
3. a> Write an account of the importance of serum enzyme in the diagnosis of disease.
b> Write note on holo enzymes and role of metals in enzyme action.
4. a> Name the various members of the B- complex family.
b> what are the major functions of minerals in the body.
c> Explain about Chargaff's rule.
5. a> Describe the Kreb's cycle.Add notes on its energetics.
b> Explain Glyoxalate cycle.
6. a> write note metabolic disorders of urea cycle.
b> How ammonia is removed from the body.
7. a> What do you mean by the term beta-oxidation of fatty acids.
Give the reactions involved in B-oxidation.
b> Write note on Ketonuria and Ketoacidosis.
8. Discuss about Mechanism of action and biomedical applications of postaglandins.
b> Explain about molecular constituents of membrane.
2. a> Explain the mechanism of Oxidative phosphorylation.
b> Mention the inhibitors of Oxidative phosphorylation and ETC.
3. a> Write an account of the importance of serum enzyme in the diagnosis of disease.
b> Write note on holo enzymes and role of metals in enzyme action.
4. a> Name the various members of the B- complex family.
b> what are the major functions of minerals in the body.
c> Explain about Chargaff's rule.
5. a> Describe the Kreb's cycle.Add notes on its energetics.
b> Explain Glyoxalate cycle.
6. a> write note metabolic disorders of urea cycle.
b> How ammonia is removed from the body.
7. a> What do you mean by the term beta-oxidation of fatty acids.
Give the reactions involved in B-oxidation.
b> Write note on Ketonuria and Ketoacidosis.
8. Discuss about Mechanism of action and biomedical applications of postaglandins.
JNTU III B PHARMACY I SEMESTER,NOV 09 PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
1. Write notes on:
a> Whittaker's five kingdom concept.
b> Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology
2. Discuss
a> Plasmolysis and plasmoptosis
b> Protoplast and Spheroplast
3. Write a note on quantitative measurement of bacterial growth based on
a> Cell number
b> Cell mass
4. What is the effect of following on microbial growth
a> Vibration
b> Mechanical impact
c> Osmotic pressure
d> Extreme cold
5. Define the terms : Sterilization
Disinfection
Antiseptic
Sanitize.
write the factors influencing Antimicrobial activity.
6. Write notes on :
a> physical mutagens.
b> Isolation of Mutants
c> Inhibitors of Protein synthesis
d>Enzymes in DNA replication
7. Give immunization methods and control of following disease.
a> Diphteria
b> Tetanus
c> Hepatitis
d> Food poisoning
8. a> What is the principle of dise plate technique and how is it performed.
b> What are the advantages and limitations of disc plate technique over tube
dilution method?
a> Whittaker's five kingdom concept.
b> Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology
2. Discuss
a> Plasmolysis and plasmoptosis
b> Protoplast and Spheroplast
3. Write a note on quantitative measurement of bacterial growth based on
a> Cell number
b> Cell mass
4. What is the effect of following on microbial growth
a> Vibration
b> Mechanical impact
c> Osmotic pressure
d> Extreme cold
5. Define the terms : Sterilization
Disinfection
Antiseptic
Sanitize.
write the factors influencing Antimicrobial activity.
6. Write notes on :
a> physical mutagens.
b> Isolation of Mutants
c> Inhibitors of Protein synthesis
d>Enzymes in DNA replication
7. Give immunization methods and control of following disease.
a> Diphteria
b> Tetanus
c> Hepatitis
d> Food poisoning
8. a> What is the principle of dise plate technique and how is it performed.
b> What are the advantages and limitations of disc plate technique over tube
dilution method?
JNTU III B PHARMACY I SEMESTER,NOV 09 PHARMACOGNOSY-II
1. a> What are aloes? write about different varieties of aloes with their description
and identification tests.
b> Give powdered characteristics of digitalis with neat labeled diagram.
2. Write detailed pharmacognostic study of any two indole alkaloids.
3. a> What are tannins? Give their properties and classification with suitable
examples of natural drugs.
b> Give biological source, active constituents and uses of
i> Myrobalan
ii> Black catechu
4. Discuss the detailed pharmacognostic study of any two resins showing expectorant
activity
5. a> Write about source, properties and uses of amylase and panceratin.
b> Write notes on any two proteolytic enzymes.
6. a> What are secondary metabolites? explain with an example.
b> Give three examples of alkaloids derived from lysin with their
chemicalstructure
c> Write about the production of amino acids from shikimic acid pathway.
7. a> Name natural colorants of pharmaceutical intrests and explain about any two of
them.
b> Write notes on turmeric, tyriian purple and Red beet root.
8. Define the term excipient.Describe the pharmaceutical excipients from mineral
origin.
What is difference between light kaolin and heavy kaolin.
and identification tests.
b> Give powdered characteristics of digitalis with neat labeled diagram.
2. Write detailed pharmacognostic study of any two indole alkaloids.
3. a> What are tannins? Give their properties and classification with suitable
examples of natural drugs.
b> Give biological source, active constituents and uses of
i> Myrobalan
ii> Black catechu
4. Discuss the detailed pharmacognostic study of any two resins showing expectorant
activity
5. a> Write about source, properties and uses of amylase and panceratin.
b> Write notes on any two proteolytic enzymes.
6. a> What are secondary metabolites? explain with an example.
b> Give three examples of alkaloids derived from lysin with their
chemicalstructure
c> Write about the production of amino acids from shikimic acid pathway.
7. a> Name natural colorants of pharmaceutical intrests and explain about any two of
them.
b> Write notes on turmeric, tyriian purple and Red beet root.
8. Define the term excipient.Describe the pharmaceutical excipients from mineral
origin.
What is difference between light kaolin and heavy kaolin.
JNTU III B PHARMACY I SEMESTER,NOV 09 PHARMACOLOGY-I
1.Describe in detail about the following:
a> G-Protein coupled receptors
b> Receptors with intrinsic ion channel
2.a> Describe the treatment of organophosphorus poisoning
b> Write the pharmacology of neostigmine
3. Write the mechanism of action, therapeutic uses and adverse effects of
a> Local anesthetics
b>Neuromuscular blockers
4. Write a short note on:
a> Disulfiram
b> Thiopental sodium
c> List of drugs used in preanesthetic medication
5. Write a short note on:
a> Baclofen
b> Chloradiazepoxide
c> Buspirone
d> Methohexitone
6. Classify antianxiety drugs.Describe the mechanism of action of drugs used in anxiety
7. Write a short note on :
a> Carbidopa
b> Bromocriptine
c> Selegeline
d> Amantidine
8. Write a short note on :
a> CNS stimulants
b> Symptoms and treatment of Morphine poisoining.
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